Use this virtual-reality calculation for a first-order display, optics, tracking, rendering, or latency estimate when all stages and units are explicitly defined.

Refresh Hertz (Hz)

Required number in Hz.

The cited overview of Virtual reality supplies background for the terminology and domain context used by this tool.^[1]

Milliseconds available per display refresh from target refresh rate in hertz. Inputs are interpreted exactly in the displayed units and the calculation returns the following fields without presentation rounding.

Milliseconds Per Frame (ms)

Returned number in ms.

• Lens calibration, per-eye geometry, display scanout, asynchronous pipelines, tracking filters, workload variation, user anatomy, and device firmware can make measured VR behavior differ from a serial model.
• Refresh Hertz must be at least 0.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units, preserve source measurements and assumptions, and independently verify consequential decisions.

Validate the estimate on the target headset with calibrated motion, optical, frame-timing, and latency measurements under a representative workload.

• Frame Rate From Refresh

  Rendered frames per second when each rendered frame is displayed for a fixed number of display refreshes.

• Spacewarp Frame Interpolation

  Generated in-between display frames per second when render rate is below display refresh; assumes exact rate division.

• Prediction Latency

  Prediction horizon in milliseconds from pose-measurement timestamp to target display timestamp on the same clock.