Description
Calculate the ellipsoidal parallel length corresponding to one degree of longitude.
Geodesy distinguishes a mathematical reference ellipsoid, a realized coordinate datum and the physical gravity field. Geodetic latitude follows the ellipsoid normal; geocentric latitude follows a radius from the center. Ellipsoidal height, orthometric height and geoid undulation are separate signed quantities. Keep the declared ellipsoid, coordinate axes, angular units and time scale with a result.
Calculate the ellipsoidal parallel length corresponding to one degree of longitude.
When to use this tool
Use this tool when you need to calculate the ellipsoidal parallel length corresponding to one degree of longitude.
How to use the tool and how it works
- Enter semiMajorMeters, flattening, latitudeDegrees using the definitions below.
- Run the operation. Resolve input-format errors before interpreting an output.
- Read result.metersPerDegreeLongitude, using the stated boundary, ordering, sign and absence conventions.
Calculate N cos(phi)×π/180 for the supplied ellipsoid, with exact zero at either pole.1
| Input field | Meaning and units | Accepted input |
|---|---|---|
| semiMajorMeters | Equatorial semiaxis a in meters, 1–10⁸. It is a radius, not a diameter. | Finite numeric value satisfying the stated comparisons. |
| flattening | Dimensionless ordinary flattening f=(a-b)/a, from zero through 0.02; supply f rather than inverse flattening. | Finite numeric value satisfying the stated comparisons. |
| latitudeDegrees | Geodetic latitude in degrees, north positive; the operation’s pole restrictions apply. | Finite numeric value satisfying the stated comparisons. |
| Output field | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| result | Object containing the fields below. |
| result.metersPerDegreeLongitude | Length of one degree along the local parallel in meters, zero at a pole. |
{
"input": {
"semiMajorMeters": 10,
"flattening": 0,
"latitudeDegrees": 0
},
"output": {
"result": {
"metersPerDegreeLongitude": 0.17453292519943295
}
}
}Limitations and assumptions
- The answer is meters per degree along the local parallel, not an ellipsoidal geodesic between separated points. Longitude convergence is represented by the cosine factor.
- All quantities are finite and retain the units stated for this operation. Ellipsoid-parameter tools use semi-major axis 1–10⁸ m and dimensionless flattening 0–0.02; explicit-axis tools use 0.9a≤b≤a unless a tighter bound is stated. These tools do not fetch datums, geoid grids, satellite observations or Earth-orientation updates.
- Every declared outer field is required and unknown outer fields are rejected. Strings and JSON text have size limits, lists are bounded to 128 entries, and JSON nesting/node counts are bounded. Tighter operation-specific bounds stated above take precedence.
- Numeric results must be finite. Large physical magnitudes are allowed by the output evidence checks, while integer fields and source schemas retain their exactness rules. Source indexes are zero-based. Floating-point residues can remain even where an ideal formula gives an exact zero.
Alternative or Complementary methods
Use a coordinate transform for a change of representation and explicit datum parameters for a change of reference frame. Preserve model and convergence metadata, and use observation and datum information appropriate to a real survey before interpreting a computed tolerance as accuracy.
References
Similar or alternative tools
- Prime Vertical Radius of Curvature N Calculator
Calculate the local prime-vertical curvature radius N of an explicit ellipsoid.
- Meridian Arc Length Degree Interval Calculator
Calculate signed meridian arc between two geodetic latitudes by numerical quadrature.