Use this forestry calculation to summarize a measured tree, plot, canopy, fuel, biomass, carbon, growth, density, or wood-volume quantity under a stated inventory convention.

Small End Area Square Meters (m2)

Required number input.

Midpoint Area Square Meters (m2)

Required number input.

Large End Area Square Meters (m2)

Required number input.

Log Length Meters (m)

Required number input.

Log volume by Newton's rule from the small-end, midpoint and large-end cross-sectional areas. The tool evaluates the supplied inputs together and returns the named outputs below; it does not infer omitted operating conditions or change the units shown.^[1]

Log Cubic Meters (m3)

The resulting log cubic meters returned as a number.

• Tree-volume estimates depend on diameter locations, length, bark convention, taper, form, defects, species, moisture, and merchantability rules. Huber, Smalian, Newton, and simple form-factor methods can differ for tapered or irregular logs.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units and preserve more precision than the final presentation requires. Independently verify safety-critical, financial, compliance, or production decisions.

Use locally validated equations and inventory protocols, retain species and measurement metadata, aggregate with appropriate plot expansion and sampling weights, and report uncertainty with stand-level results.

• Volume Smalian

  Log volume by Smalian's rule: mean of the two end cross-sectional areas times log length.

• Volume Huber

  Log volume by Huber's rule: cross-sectional area at log midpoint times log length.

• Basal Area Single Tree

  Tree stem cross-sectional basal area at breast height in square metres from DBH in centimetres.