Latin Verb Principal Parts Explainer
Offline bounded reference card: A common Latin four-part citation gives first-person present indicative, present infinitive, first-person perfect indicative, and supine or perfect passive participial form. References Allen and Greenough, New Latin Grammar, verb principal parts. Deponent, defective and irregular verbs vary; this is a role explanation, not automatic stem derivation.
Description
Latin principal parts provide different forms used to identify verbal stems and paradigms.
Latin principal parts provide different forms used to identify verbal stems and paradigms.1
Irregular, defective and deponent verbs require more than a universal four-form recipe. Use Latin Verb Principal Parts Explainer to read a supported reference-card topic.
When to use Latin Verb Principal Parts Explainer
Use Latin Verb Principal Parts Explainer to read a supported reference-card topic. Choose an exact supported token from the table, preserving punctuation and capitalization.
How to use Latin Verb Principal Parts Explainer and understand its results
- Choose an exact supported token from the table, preserving punctuation and capitalization.
- Enter Topic using the field table and validation rules below, then run the tool.
- Read Text in the Result object; interpret the units, signs, ordering and unknown-value placeholders described below.
- Read the limitations topic as well as the summary; use the reference topic to locate the underlying source. Correct unsupported tokens before rerunning.
| Input field | Meaning | Value type | Requirement |
|---|---|---|---|
| topic | Topic | string | Required; constraints below |
Enter one of the exact supported topic tokens listed below. The implementation performs a case-sensitive own-key lookup and returns the stored text unchanged. It does not fetch the cited books, search a corpus or inspect current policy. Unsupported tokens and added whitespace are input errors. Reference entries are bibliographic pointers rather than retrieved source passages; read the limitations alongside the summary. This bounded card is not a complete reference database.
returned text = storedTable[exactSupportedToken] Use the field order, units and branch conditions described above.
| Exact supported token | Stored reference text |
|---|---|
| summary | A common Latin four-part citation gives first-person present indicative, present infinitive, first-person perfect indicative, and supine or perfect passive participial form. |
| reference | Allen and Greenough, New Latin Grammar, verb principal parts. |
| limitations | Deponent, defective and irregular verbs vary; this is a role explanation, not automatic stem derivation. |
| Output field | Meaning | Value type |
|---|---|---|
| result | Object containing the named result fields below. | object |
| result.text | Stored text for the exact supported token; read summary, reference and limitations together. | string |
{
"input": {
"topic": "summary"
},
"output": {
"result": {
"text": "A common Latin four-part citation gives first-person present indicative, present infinitive, first-person perfect indicative, and supine or perfect passive participial form."
}
}
}Limitations and assumptions
Irregular, defective and deponent verbs require more than a universal four-form recipe. Apply the exact scope and assumptions explained above.
All listed fields require explicit values. Unexpected fields, incorrect types, nonfinite numbers and sparse arrays fail validation. Domain-specific bounds, alignments and supported tokens are explained above; extremely large inputs or outputs can also be rejected. Input errors differ from successful false results, empty match lists and unknown-evidence placeholders.
Alternative or Complementary methods
Use Subjunctive Purpose vs Result Clause Checker for a related task: Purpose and result clauses describe different semantic relationships.
Use Greek Optative Wish Forms Lookup for a related task: Greek optative uses require a paradigm and a syntactic context.
References
-
Latin Verb Principal Parts Explainer — tool.io
Similar or alternative tools
- Subjunctive Purpose vs Result Clause Checker
Purpose and result clauses describe different semantic relationships.
- Greek Optative Wish Forms Lookup
Greek optative uses require a paradigm and a syntactic context.