Description
Return a corrected standardized mean contrast and its orientation.
Research effect estimates depend on outcome definitions, unit conversions, orientation and statistical assumptions. A written rounding envelope describes reporting precision; an effect-size contribution or supplied interval is different from a fitted analysis, a confidence statement or evidence of clinical benefit.
Return a corrected standardized mean contrast and its orientation.
When to use this tool
Use Chiropractic Study Effect Size One Contrast when checking the stated effect-size, measurement or interval convention.
How to use the tool and how it works
- Enter treatmentMean, controlMean, pooledSd, correction, improvementIsLower. Use the units and conventions below.
- Run the tool. Correct any format, range, or cross-field input error before interpreting the output.
- Read rawDifference, standardizedDifference, orientedEffect. Use the output convention below.
Return a corrected standardized mean contrast and its orientation. Require pooledSd/correction > 0; rawDifference = treatmentMean-controlMean, standardizedDifference = correction*raw/SD, orientedEffect negates when improvementIsLower.1
A standardized mean difference expresses a mean contrast relative to an outcome standard deviation; its orientation and any small-sample correction require explicit conventions.2
| Input field | Meaning and units | Accepted input |
|---|---|---|
| treatmentMean | Treatment Mean | Required. Finite number. |
| controlMean | Control Mean | Required. Finite number. |
| pooledSd | Positive supplied pooled outcome standard deviation on the same outcome scale as both means. | Required. Finite number; strictly above 0. |
| correction | Positive supplied multiplicative correction, not a correction estimated from sample sizes. | Required. Finite number; strictly above 0. |
| improvementIsLower | Improvement Is Lower | Required. Boolean. |
| Output field | Interpretation | Returned shape |
|---|---|---|
| rawDifference | Raw Difference | Required. Finite number. |
| standardizedDifference | Standardized Difference | Required. Finite number. |
| orientedEffect | Oriented Effect | Required. Finite number. |
{
"input": {
"treatmentMean": 4,
"controlMean": 6,
"pooledSd": 2,
"correction": 0.9,
"improvementIsLower": true
},
"output": {
"rawDifference": -2,
"standardizedDifference": -0.9,
"orientedEffect": 0.9
}
}Limitations and assumptions
- The correction and pooled SD are supplied; this does not calculate Hedges' correction, uncertainty or evidence that chiropractic treatment works.
- Inputs must satisfy both the field types and the cross-field conditions above. Invalid input causes an error; a successful false flag or documented placeholder is a different result.
- Numeric calculations use binary floating point unless exact decimal-integer arithmetic is explicitly stated. No hidden measurement tolerance or decimal rounding is added; nonfinite or out-of-contract results are rejected. Numeric signed-zero results are exported as zero.
Alternative or Complementary methods
Use a complete, justified statistical analysis and original study data; distinguish reporting precision from sampling uncertainty and assess clinical relevance independently.
References
Similar or alternative tools
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