Use the result for a transparent first-pass actuarial calculation when the probability, interest, exposure, and timing assumptions are already defined on a consistent basis.

Annual death probability

Probability of dying within the full year.

Fraction of years

Elapsed fraction of the year, between zero and one.

Interpolate survival within the year under the Balducci hypothesis of hyperbolic mortality density. The tool evaluates the supplied inputs together and returns the named outputs below; it does not infer omitted operating conditions or change the units shown.^[1]

Fractional survival probability

Probability of surviving to the fractional point within the year.

• Actuarial results are conditional on the supplied mortality, survival, loss, interest, or development assumptions. They are not a premium opinion, reserve certification, or substitute for experience analysis and regulatory judgment.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units and preserve more precision than the final presentation requires. Independently verify safety-critical, financial, compliance, or production decisions.

Compare the result with a second reserving, credibility, or life-contingency method and test how it changes under plausible assumption ranges. Retain the basis and valuation date with the result.

• Constant Force Fractional Survival Calculator

  Interpolate survival within the year under a constant force of mortality.

• UDD Fractional Survival Calculator

  Interpolate survival within the year under the uniform distribution of deaths assumption.

• Contingent Insurance Probability Calculator

  Calculate the probability that the first life dies before the second life under constant forces of mortality derived from annual death probabilities.