Use this palaeographic utility to apply a stated dating, script, abbreviation, codicological, metrological, layout, or condition rule consistently while preparing manuscripts for scholarly review.

Textualis forms

Letter forms scored as textualis (upright, broken).

Cursiva forms

Letter forms scored as cursiva (rapid, looped).

Compute the textualis-versus-cursiva proportions of a batardesque hand and classify the mix under the stated heuristic: shares within 20 percentage points of each other are balanced, otherwise the larger share dominates. The tool evaluates the supplied inputs together and returns the named outputs below; it does not infer omitted operating conditions or change the units shown.^[1]

Textualis %

Textualis forms as a percentage of all scored forms.

Cursiva %

Cursiva forms as a percentage of all scored forms.

Mix class

Stated-heuristic classification of the mix.

• Script and manuscript evidence varies by language, region, institution, period, scribe, material, restoration, and cataloguing convention. A heuristic flag or score is not an authoritative date, hand attribution, reading, provenance, or conservation diagnosis.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units and preserve more precision than the final presentation requires. Independently verify safety-critical, financial, compliance, or production decisions.

Retain page images, scale, foliation, material, provenance, diplomatic transcription, uncertainty, and comparison exemplars; confirm conclusions with codicological context and specialist judgment.

• Majuscule Minuscule Balance Calculator

  Tally Unicode uppercase versus lowercase letters in a transcription and report the majuscule share plus a stated-heuristic balance verdict: within 10 percentage points of even is balanced, otherwise the majority case dominates.

• Carolingian Single-storey Flag

  Flag a Caroline-minuscule-like script profile under the stated heuristic: a hand counts as showing the single-storey Caroline a profile when its single-storey a share reaches the threshold percentage (default 80).

• Ascender/Descender Ratio Estimator

  Estimate the vertical profile of a hand as mean ascender height over mean descender height, banded by the stated rule: ascender-dominant at 1.25 and above (typical of formal Gothic textualis), descender-dominant at 0.8 and below (typical of cursives), otherwise balanced.