Use this electronics calculation for a first-pass component, converter, signal, motor, or sensor estimate when the stated operating conditions and units match the device data.

Temperature difference (°C)

Temperature difference between the hot and cold junctions; may be negative.

Sensitivity (µV/°C)

Seebeck coefficient of the thermocouple pair.

Estimate the voltage produced by a Type K thermocouple from the temperature difference and Seebeck sensitivity. The tool evaluates the supplied inputs together and returns the named outputs below; it does not infer omitted operating conditions or change the units shown.^[1]

Thermocouple voltage (mV)

Signed thermocouple EMF.

• RTD and temperature-sensor calculations depend on sensor curve, reference resistance, wiring method, excitation, self-heating, lead resistance, calibration, temperature range, and interpolation standard. Thermocouple voltage additionally requires alloy type and cold-junction compensation.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units and preserve more precision than the final presentation requires. Independently verify safety-critical, financial, compliance, or production decisions.

Check the result against the current datasheet and worst-case operating corners, then verify the circuit or measurement with simulation and bench testing where failure matters.

• Hall Voltage Sensitivity

  Estimate single-carrier Hall voltage sensitivity V_H/(IB)=1/(nqt) from carrier density and plate thickness. Assumes a simple Hall plate with one carrier type and Hall factor 1.

• Accelerometer Voltage Output

  Calculate linear analog accelerometer voltage from zero-g voltage, sensitivity in volts per g, and signed acceleration in g.

• Battery Life Calculator

  Estimate battery runtime from rated charge capacity and constant load current: hours = mAh / mA. Real-world derating (Peukert effect, temperature, cutoff voltage) is not modeled.