Use this electronics calculation for a first-pass component, converter, signal, motor, or sensor estimate when the stated operating conditions and units match the device data.

RMS voltage (V)

Root-mean-square value of the sine wave.

Convert a sinusoidal RMS voltage to its peak amplitude, Vp = Vrms * sqrt(2), for example to size insulation from a mains RMS rating. The tool evaluates the supplied inputs together and returns the named outputs below; it does not infer omitted operating conditions or change the units shown.^[1]

Peak voltage (V)

Peak amplitude of the sine wave.

• Compact electronics formulas omit some combination of tolerances, temperature drift, bandwidth, loading, parasitics, noise spectrum, nonlinearity, clipping, calibration, layout, and device-specific limits. Typical datasheet values are not guaranteed limits.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units and preserve more precision than the final presentation requires. Independently verify safety-critical, financial, compliance, or production decisions.

Check the result against the current datasheet and worst-case operating corners, then verify the circuit or measurement with simulation and bench testing where failure matters.

• Peak to RMS Voltage Calculator

  Convert a sinusoidal peak voltage to its root-mean-square value, Vrms = Vp / sqrt(2); the RMS value produces the same heating in a resistor as the equivalent DC voltage.

• Average Rectified Voltage

  Calculate the average rectified voltage of a sinusoid from its peak voltage.

• Leakage Current

  Estimate the leakage current of a capacitor from the applied voltage and its insulation resistance.