Use this chemistry calculator to reproduce a named relationship with explicit quantities and units for study, laboratory planning, or an independent numerical check.

Ref MM (g/mol)

Required number input.

Ref rate

Required number input.

Unknown rate

Required number input.

Apply Graham's law to find molar mass from effusion rates M2 = M1*(r1/r2)^2. The tool evaluates the supplied inputs together and returns the named outputs below; it does not infer omitted operating conditions or change the units shown.^[1]

Unknown MM (g/mol)

The resulting unknown mm returned as a number.

• Simple gas relationships often assume equilibrium and ideal-gas behavior. High pressure, low temperature, condensation, composition changes, and nonzero compressibility can require a real-gas equation of state.
• Use finite inputs in the displayed units and preserve more precision than the final presentation requires. Independently verify safety-critical, financial, compliance, or production decisions.

Check units and significant figures, compare the result with limiting cases, and use measured or source-specific constants where available. Laboratory, safety, and regulatory decisions require validated methods and appropriate uncertainty analysis.

• Graham Effusion Rate

  Compute the effusion rate of a gas as the reference rate times the square root of the reference molar mass over the target molar mass.

• Graham Time of Effusion Calculator

  Compare effusion times of two gases via Graham's law t₂/t₁ = √(M₂/M₁).

• Atom Economy Calculator

  Compute atom economy as desired product molar mass over total products molar mass times 100.